up to ~300A current sensor

This is the place for any magazine-related discussions that don't fit in any of the column discussion boards below.
User avatar
MrAl
Posts: 3862
Joined: Fri Jan 11, 2002 1:01 am
Location: NewJersey
Contact:

Post by MrAl »

Hi again,


rshayes:
Actually after i drew it i noticed that too, and was going to change it
but was getting a bit tired at that point. Later, i took a look at the
possible current distributions and they didnt look too much different
so i decided to leave it alone. It is true that they will be better with
the opposite ends connections, but it doesnt make an extremely
huge difference, that is, enough to cause one strip to overheat.
It doesnt affect calibration at all either...when connecting the sense
leads to the center strip...the heavy leads can be connected either
way.

While i was looking over the mechanical aspect of this design i
also realized that it is a bit much anyway. The eight separators
have to be cut from 1/8 inch stock and have a 1/4 inch clearance
hole drilled in each one. I realized there is a much simpler way,
which is the subject of this next drawing.
This shunt only requires two strips of brass and a little bending
and the holes should be easy to drill too. The current distribution
is nearly perfect (equal in both strips). Of course the 1/4-28 bolts
should be well tightened.
To calibrate, unsolder an amp lead and move it one way or the
other to get the reading to be more accurate at some known current.
The dimensions for this new shunt come about from the resistivity
of the brass that i had obtained from a hobby shop quite a while back.
If the brass isnt exactly the same, the dimensions might have to
change a little unless the calibration makes up for it ok.

Image
LEDs vs Bulbs, LEDs are winning.
User avatar
kheston
Posts: 354
Joined: Wed Dec 03, 2003 1:01 am
Location: CA
Contact:

Post by kheston »

Just ordered an off-the-shelf 500A shunt via eBay. For $15, couldn't pass it up.

I'm pretty convinced I'm going to need isolation and was looking at the AD8215 from Analog Devices. Any suggestions as to an alternative?
Kurt - SF Bay
User avatar
kheston
Posts: 354
Joined: Wed Dec 03, 2003 1:01 am
Location: CA
Contact:

Post by kheston »

My shunt came yesterday:
Image

Found the beginnings of what I need to turn the 0-50mv into something I can read with an ADC0831. It's based on an LM358. Hopefully, I'll get a value for each direction (which may require two ADCs).

Will post if I can get it to work.
Kurt - SF Bay
User avatar
MrAl
Posts: 3862
Joined: Fri Jan 11, 2002 1:01 am
Location: NewJersey
Contact:

Post by MrAl »

Hi again Kurt,

Oh nice! That should certainly handle 60 amps right? he he.

BTW, if you use an ADC at 5v and you want to boost the 50mv
signal up to 5.00 volts, that's a gain of 100 (im sure you know)
and using the LM358 with it's offset spec of 3mv might give an
output offset error of 0.3 volts. Now while that's only a 6 percent
error at full scale, it will be present even when measuring 60 amps,
and at 60 amps that would be a 50 percent error.

To help this situation a bit usually a low offset error op amp is
chosen, or else some means to adjust the analog offset is incorporated
into the circuit. The low offset amps are the best though, if you
feel like getting one.
It may help if you have a uC as you can subtract a constant (0.3v)
from the output thus obtaining the true value. The downside is
that there may be a temperature drift to work into the algorithm too.
Of course it depends what accuracy you are after as well.

With my circuit one time i used even more gain (200) and that
gave quite an offset with only 2mv actual offset. The way i compensated
was to use a pot between +V and ground and used the pot arm as
my 'meter' ground. I was using an analog meter on the output however
so it was easy, with a uC this wont be as easy. I was also lucky that
the output had a positive offset so it was adjustable with the pot.

They also make pretty good amps that are made to have a pot
connected to them to adjust the offset too, and these are cheaper
than the super low offset type. It's up to you though, what you want
to spend. The super low offset type usually have a much more
limited bandwidth too in case you are thinking about measuring
currents in AC circuits as well as DC. Probably ok for 60Hz though.

Just a few things i thought you would like to know just in case you
were not aware of them. If you were already, then ignore this
post entirely :smile:
LEDs vs Bulbs, LEDs are winning.
User avatar
kheston
Posts: 354
Joined: Wed Dec 03, 2003 1:01 am
Location: CA
Contact:

Post by kheston »

Al,

I've ganged 4 60A alternators together on the GenSet. So, I've actually got a max of 240A.

I was aware of none of what you posted. Thanks for the help.

--K
Kurt - SF Bay
User avatar
kheston
Posts: 354
Joined: Wed Dec 03, 2003 1:01 am
Location: CA
Contact:

Post by kheston »

Perhaps I don't need to re-invent the wheel here...

Anybody know of a product like the AD8210 that has a gain of 100 instead of 20?

http://www.analog.com/UploadedFiles/Dat ... AD8210.pdf
Kurt - SF Bay
User avatar
MrAl
Posts: 3862
Joined: Fri Jan 11, 2002 1:01 am
Location: NewJersey
Contact:

Post by MrAl »

Hi Kurt,


Well, that's interesting but i think your output is a max of 50mv
and the device has a full scale of 250mv so im not sure if that would
be a good choice anyway. If you are still interested, you might
check the Zetex site however as they have other current to
voltage devices like that.
You might also consider just a low offset amp like the AD620,
with it's gain being set with one resistor. It is also spec'd for
very low linearity error so it may be a good choice. Downside
is that it needs a negative supply so you'd have to get one of
those negitive supply generators to get a negative voltage
from your positive voltage. This would provide plus and minus
12v to the AD620. Not many parts required however.
Once you get a low offset op amp like this the rest is easy.
LEDs vs Bulbs, LEDs are winning.
rshayes
Posts: 1286
Joined: Tue Mar 04, 2003 1:01 am
Contact:

Post by rshayes »

The AD8210 looks like it is a good device to use.

Switchboard shunts are usually calibrated for either 50 mV or 100 mV at full scale current. A 100 mV shunt would produce 200 mV peak to peak (depending on current direction). This, times a gain of 20 would give a 4 volt peak to peak output. This is a reasonable level for a device operating on a single 5 volt supply, since the signal can be offset and there will still be some margin between the maximum output swing and the supply rails.

With a 50 mV shunt the signal will be half as much, and could be offset to cover a range of 1.5 volts to 3.5 volts. The A/D converter can usually be offset and scaled to cover this range, and will probably operate better than it would with a rail to rail signal. A level of 1.5 volts would represent negative 500 amps, 2.5 volts would be zero amps, and 3.5 volts would represent 500 amps.
User avatar
MrAl
Posts: 3862
Joined: Fri Jan 11, 2002 1:01 am
Location: NewJersey
Contact:

Post by MrAl »

Hi again,

I agree that the 8210 looks like a decent device. The price isnt
too bad either.

One thing to be aware of however, is that a 500 amp shunt that
puts out 50mv could be rated for 500 amps peak, not continuous.
The continuous rating could be more like 300 amps. It's best
to check out the part number on the manufacturers site first.
At 500 amps and 50mv the shunt has to dissipate 25 watts,
and at 100mv it would be 50 watts, so it's probably a 50mv shunt.
Maybe a little forced air cooling at 400 amps would do it.
LEDs vs Bulbs, LEDs are winning.
User avatar
kheston
Posts: 354
Joined: Wed Dec 03, 2003 1:01 am
Location: CA
Contact:

Post by kheston »

I asked the folks at Analog about the AD8210 and apparently it won't work. They recommended the AD623:
This is a great device but it doesn't look like it's going to be a great fit for you. There is a mandatory gain of 3 that accompanies this device and that would mean you are going to need an extremely small and precise sense resistor (on the order of 3 milli-ohms) Now if you can do this and don't mind its a fine device to use, but if your looking to use this at a gain of 1than your going to need to use an instrumentation amp and set it up as a sense amp. A device like the AD623, or similar. There are no DIP packages for these, the next largest package would be an SOIC. Hope this helps.
I'm on Digikey looking up the 623 now...
Kurt - SF Bay
User avatar
MrAl
Posts: 3862
Joined: Fri Jan 11, 2002 1:01 am
Location: NewJersey
Contact:

Post by MrAl »

Hi again Kurt,


Who did you talk to, the receptionist? :smile:
Well, a 500 amp shunt would be less than that right?
Did you tell him you were using a shunt not a sense resistor?

Also, he says there are no dip packs but Digikey seems to have one!

Weird.
LEDs vs Bulbs, LEDs are winning.
User avatar
kheston
Posts: 354
Joined: Wed Dec 03, 2003 1:01 am
Location: CA
Contact:

Post by kheston »

Al,

In looking back at the question I asked the AD people, it wasn't entirely clear. So, we can't beat 'em up too much for not answering well...but we can certainly snicker about them not knowing their product came in a DIP package.

I noticed the AD623 DIP and ordered one from Digikey earlier this afternoon. Also got a TPS6735IP for the -5v I need.

Actually ordered two of each for when I fry the first one.

--K
Kurt - SF Bay
User avatar
MrAl
Posts: 3862
Joined: Fri Jan 11, 2002 1:01 am
Location: NewJersey
Contact:

Post by MrAl »

Hello again Kurt,


Hmmm, the ad623 has more input offset voltagethan the ad620, but has
more bandwidth, so...

What's more important to you:
Following (or measuring) AC signals, or DC accuracy?
LEDs vs Bulbs, LEDs are winning.
User avatar
kheston
Posts: 354
Joined: Wed Dec 03, 2003 1:01 am
Location: CA
Contact:

Post by kheston »

I finally got around to starting a schematic for my sensing circuit. I need to add some filters, but am I headed the right direction otherwise?

Image
Kurt - SF Bay
Colinr
Posts: 33
Joined: Wed Oct 23, 2002 1:01 am
Location: UK
Contact:

Post by Colinr »

Kurt

From a quick look at the circuit you may need to look at the common mode voltage that is present when useing high side monitoring .
your 50mV is sitting on top of the 14V from the battery

you need to either have the monitoring circuit floating with respect to the main battery or you could consider monitoring on the return or low side.

hope this helps.

Colin
Post Reply

Who is online

Users browsing this forum: Bing [Bot] and 143 guests