T&L Publications

I think your right Gorgon.
But all the waveforms I was referring to were ACV with 0V reference in which case the SquareWave (50% duty cycle of course) RMS is the Peak power--one and the same.

jwax: You might try punching up Williamson Labs www.williamsonlabs.com. Look on left side menu and click under projects, then click on" hush puppy".Its a circuit for driving a piezo at hi power using a toroid stepup transformer (auto transformer).Its a little sketchy but might get you star...

Thank you Stephen and Mr Al for your informative replies. It had been a while since I used Shading techniques and must have flip flopped my RMS for average. I never gave much thohought to waveshape vs power since my power calculations have been used with DC or SINEWAVE voltages only. But the latest ...

4060 is one of the many "4000" series chips made by many manufacturers . It is a 14 stage binary counter,with onboard oscillator. Try googling CD4060 and you will get much info and data sheets.

In calculating the power that a pure sinewave voltage produces across a given load, we usually convert it to an RMS value and plug that into ohms law calculations to arrive at a solution. Without ging throgh complex Root Mean Square calculations every time we come across this problem we usually mult...

With all the electronic ingeneous designs I have seen over a period of years, and some against impossible odds, I stand in amazement. But when I see mechanical marvels such as these I am bowled over. I have had phone conversations with production engineers(coil manufacturers) of how these operate an...

I store my integrated circuits in clear plastic boxes with hinged lift lids. They measure about 6"x10" X1". These are available at sewing centers,wallmart,etc.Then I line them with plastic or anti-static foam of 3/8" thickness. The last one I did came from the shipping carton of ...

Are you just interested in vintage vaccuum tube gear or do you want to construct one for your test bench. Unless you need hi-voltage pulses compatable for tube equipment, check out N&V April 2005.

In the end, it all comes down to the individual. If you really desire to be a good engineer you will be a good engineer regardless of school. I've seen home study personal literally lead some big school grads around by the nose. I've also seen home study grads who have had trouble with ohms law. But...

rstofer: use flip-flops all the time along with all other single purpose IC's. Most of the "wonder Chips" I have tried seem to be pretty narrow in usage.Then I always have to go back to `Building block chips' so that my designs really accomplish the purpose intended.

Don't know of single chip, but you could use a "D" flip-flop wired for toggle operation by connecting`Q not' back to the `DATA' input. Then feed the clock input with the output of
an `AND' gate.

For those of you considering hi-power sound devices, here is an interesting scenario. Consider the average cheap (3$) Piezo rated at 50 watts and an SPL of 93 DB. The max SPL this could deliver at 50 watts would be 110 DB(93 at 1 watt plus 17 db more at 50 watt). Assuming a 100 ohm impedance (direct...

Sounds like an old time plumbers solder iron. However soldering irons from the past tended to be large and bulky for doing chassis work with tube designs. They still can be occasionally useful today for lead to chassis grounds or when working with any thing that would act as a heat sink trying to dr...

According to data I have gathered---105 DB:threshold of pain 130 DB :D amage with short time exposure 160DB:instant rupturing of eardrum Pain and damage levels have to be weighted by frequency and exposure time,(higher frequency more damaging than low at any given level) But why all the sudden inter...

Jwax: Sounds like we are working along the same lines. Will be interested in your results. I have found a hi-powered tweeter that should fill the bill. Ordered all parts today. Working on design of 80 watt ampl. along with various modes of operation, such as steady tone, gated operation with variabl...